Digital Services (DLC)
Smathers Libraries
University of Florida
P.O Box 117003
Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
P: 352.273.2900
F: 352.846.3702
UFDC@uflib.ufl.edu
An A B C, for Baby Patriots
Description: An A B C, for Baby Patriots, by Mary Frances Ames, 1899.Collection: Baldwin Library of Historical Children's Literature Digital Collection
Drew Field Echoes
Description: Newspaper published at the Drew Field Air Force Base in Tampa, Florida.Collection: Florida Digital Newspaper Library
Antique Maps, Historic Sanborn Maps, and Aerial Photography
Collection: Map & Imagery Library Digital Collections
Archie Carr and Sea Turtles
Description: Archie Carr attaching weather balloons to sea turtles.Collection: University Archives Photograph Collection
Alice in Wonderland
Collection:Baldwin Library of Historical Children's Literature Digital Collection
Alfred Browning Parker
Description: Alfred Browning Parker, architectural drawings, from the University of Florida Architecture ArchivesCollection: University of Florida Libraries Architecture Archives Collection
Digital Library Center: AV Processing
Embedding a Streaming Video (Example)
- Copy the multimedia.tif and sample HTML file into the BIB_VID folder
- Rename the HTML file to BIB_VID.html
- Find the video on YouTube
- Copy the embed video code
- Paste the embed video code into the HTML file (not in a WYSIWYG)
- PreQC the item
- QC the item
- Edit the METS
file:
- add the BIB_VID.html file to the other files list
- change supported views to HTML (list the HTML file, label the view)
- remove the other views
- Load the file
- Verify proper display
UFDC Downloadable Formats
Certain AV and other files are automatically listed as downloads within UFDC, unless the file name contains "_archive" and the preferred naming method is to have the file name with "_archive" appended. The file types that are automatically included are:
- Audio: MP3, OGG, WMA
- Video: AVI, MPG (MPEG2), OGG, WMV
- Other: PDF
For more information on AV specifications, see the main AV page.
| Workflow | ||||
| Save file in three formats: avi, mpg, and wmv | Format | Output container | Output Video Codec | Output Audio Codec |
|---|---|---|---|---|
AVI |
AVI |
MPEG-4 |
WAV |
|
MPG |
MPG |
MPEG-II |
MP3 |
|
WMV |
WMV |
WMV-7 |
WMA |
|
| Save each format without change | Large: Given that the original is usually the largest in pixel dimensions, it would be considered the large, and the file name is appended as “_orig”, and rendered as “nochange” @30FPS/2496BR with appropriate audio channels @44100kh sampling frequency with a bit rate of 128kbps. Optimally--but only as needed or possible--saved in three sizes, adding: |
|||
| Archive all | Retain/preserve all derivative files as well as the original source file (potentially an odd file format) in the final BibID package for archiving. | |||
Audio/Video Sampling and Capture for Digital Preservation
The following lists equipment used by the Digital Library Center at the University of Florida Libraries. This list should not be taken as an endorsement of any manufacturer's product. Those using this list as a guide for their own purchases should be cautioned that equipment suited to the Center's specific needs, source documents, or fitness-for-purpose determinations may not be suited to another institution's needs, the source documents they intend to image, or meet other fitness-for-purpose requirements. |
Marantz PMD660 Professional Portable Digital Recorder for audio Specifications |
Standards
Standards for audio sampling/capture are:
- Current standard: 24-bit 96.0 kHz WAV
(An hour of audio at this standard is 1.98 GB.) - Old standard: 16-bit 44.1 kHz WAV
Video Standards for Encoding:
- Ideal: HD Standard (1080p preferred over 1080i)
- Acceptable: NTSC (525-line, 30 frames per second, interlaced)
Video Standards for File Formats:
- Ideal: MPEG-4
- Acceptable: MPEG-2
- Acceptable deriviatives are WMV, AVI, QT
Technology is moving toward 24-bit 192 kHz. For the moment, we do not to use this standard. While the technical capability is now available, it has not yet been adopted by the various audio engineering associations. Technology is also moving toward variable bit rate (VBR) encoding. For the moment, we have chosen to stay with the constant bit rate (CBR) encoding. VBR is reported to reproduce recorded sound more faithfully, but it introduces archive issues not yet addressed (to our knowledge) by digital library archives.
Motion JPEG 2000 is also under consideration.
DLC Current A/V Processing
Current video processing is done using:
- Standard Intel Core 2 Duo machine with 2 GiB of RAM base
- ATI All-in-Wonder 2006 Edition (Radeon X1300 GPU); PCI-e
- YPrPb adapter, TV-Tuning capabilities (and capture), HD-ready output.
We can capture video from a JVC SuperVHS unit and convert the analog signal to a usable, preservable digital signal with a minimum of interference (versus using an external decoder).
We encode in MPEG-2 and AVI (AVI used for downloading, MPEG-2 or 4 for preservation on optical media). Three resolutions standard: 320x240, 640x480, and 720x480. Depending on the source, we can’t always dictate whether something can transformed into HD. NTSC, 30fps is acceptable, mostly when it comes to objects drawn from video tape (especially amateur productions on consumer-grade cassettes). We use Adobe Premier Elements 2.0 for video encoding.
Current audio processing is done using the same computer with a specialized sound card, using the component audio software and Audacity freeware as a supplement. We also use a dual tape deck, depending on specific project needs.
Distribution Formats
Most audio players do not yet play either 24-bit or 96 kHz audio. Most players support 16-bit audio, some support 44.1 kHz while others only 28 kHz. For distribution, we down-sample the archived audio to the CD audio standard, 16-bit 44.1. The cleaned voice-audio signal should experience no degradation to lower than 28 kHz, per the research. The DLC plans to distribute the following formats:
- CD/DVD audio (for distribution to Special Collections and/or applicable department)
- Streaming MP3 (for Internet distribution) MP3 seems to be the prevailing Internet streaming and download format.
Resources
- "Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation" Sound Directions: Digital Preservation and Access for Global Audio Heritage (overview with links to appendices), 2007.
- Brylawski, Samuel. Preservation of Digitally Recorded Sound. http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/sound.html (April 2002, for CLIR)
- Conservation OnLine. Preservation of Audio Materials [bibliography with links].
- Fleischhauer, Carl. Audio and Video Preservation Reformatting: A Library of Congress Perspective. (March 2003)
- International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA). The Safeguarding of the Audio Heritage. (2001)
- EVIADA Development Phase Proposal (page 13 on video standards)
Printing
If image materials are to be printed at a large size using the Map Library's printer, the files need to be under a maximum of 180MB. Also, backgrounds should be white or light so as not to use too much ink.
Last modified: Thursday September 08 2011 lnt
